Drying and heating apparatus for stone.



` L.' N. MCCARTER. l DRYINGANDEEATING APPARATUS PoR STONE.

' APPLIOATON'HLED um: 10, 1901.

Patentea sept.29,1908.

q UNTTED STATES PATENT oEEiCE.'

I LOUIS N. MCCARTER, OF NORRISTOWN, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE INTERNA- TICNAL PAVEMENT COMPANY, or y CONNECTICUT.

HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF Darme Nn HEATING ArrAnATUsroa sToNE.

No; 900,032. f f

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 29, 1908.

Apiaaaionmed :une 1o, i901. serial No. 63,864.

To all whom 'it may concern:-

Be it known that I, Louis N. MCCARTER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Norristown, in the county of Montgomery and State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improvement in Dryin and-Heating Apparatus for Stone, t o? which the following descriptiominpconnection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the parts. Y

My invention has for its object to provide an improved apparatus for drying and heating stone and the.- like for any purpose in the arts for which dried or heated Vstoner--in Whatever form,;or other materials may be desired.

My invention is particularly useful in connection witlrdrying and heating apparatus employed in the manufacture of artificial asphaltum tiles and paving blocks wherein .the ground `rand partly pulverized stone which is incorporated with the'asphaltum cement or compound is mixed with the latter while both are in a heated condition.

My apparatus is of the general type illustrated by U. S. patent to A. G. Smith,

No. 245,980, dated August 23rd, 1881. In.

the apparatus of the said Smith patent a rotating cylindrical drier is employed intoA which the material to be heated is conveyed, the saidmaterial being vdelivered ,into the said drier at one en d thereof and caused to travel through the drier for its entire length v and discharged at the opposite end thereof.

In the ordinary arrangement of this apparatus, thisdrierrevolves about a horizontal axis and .an annular helix or spiral applied to the irmer wall of the drier acts to feed 40` the material from one to the opposite end thence to the delivery end of the .drier and tc the stack. An objection to this arrangement is that the products of-combustion from the; furnace tend -tov enter the cylinder through the perforations immediately adjacent the' combustion chamber, passing thence directly to the-stack and without Teaching; the oppositeendof the drier, `so that sub';

drawings representing like stantially the entire heatingeicct is located at or near one end of the cylinder.

The object of my invention is to inprove vannexed drawings, wherein,-

The various features of Figure 1,. in vertical longitudinal section,` Y

partial elevation, shows an apparatus made in accordance with my invention; and, Fig. 2, a vertical half section and end elevation thereof, the section being taken ron the dotted line, 2-2.

In the particular embodiment of my in'- vention used as an illustration herein andv shown in the drawings, Aindicates the drier shown as cylindrical in form and horizontallyarranged, said drier being provided at its ends with large tubulartrunnions, a, a', that rest in suitable, preferably roller, bearings, a2,"mounted upon suitable supports,

shown as girders, as.

The furnace combustion chamber, B-, as here shown, isarranged adjacent one end of the cylinder, A, but is formed at one side `of the preferably brick setting of the apparatus. TheV combustion chamber hasl its outlet in or through a mass of checkered brick work, B', immediately beneath the delivery end of 'the' drier cylinder and through which the products of combustion are required to pass before circulating around the said cylinder,

-as will be described. By this construction, sulicient heat is obtained without direct contact of the hottest products of combustion with the metal of the cylinderv to b urn the Isame, as is likely to happen unless great care is used, in constructions wherein the combus- -tion chamber occupies the place of `the checkered brick work directly under Vone 'end of the cylinder. The brick setting of theap'paratus is constructed to inclose the i cylinder, A, as efectually as possible, it havf ingvan arch, b, extending over the said cylinder, and the said setting is constructed to cause the products of combustion arising orl assumg from the-'combustion chamber to pursue a more or less tortuous path from the end of the cylinder adjacent to the combustion chamber to the opposite end of said cylinder, thereby to increase the heating effect.

l In the present embodiment of my invention suflicient space is left between the exterior of the cylinder, A, and the inclosing walls of the setting to provide for free circulation of the products of combustion, and immediately in front of the combustion chamber, B, the setting is constructed to produce an inverted arch, b, that approaches closely to the exterior of the drier cylinder and extends upward at each side of the latter to about its horizontal diameter, thus causingthe products of combustion rising from Lthe 'combustion chamber to flow upward about and over the top of this inverted arch,

contacting with at least one-half the fullv diameter of the cylinder before passing along.

the cylinder. Between the inverted arch, b', and theopposite end of the cylinder, I have arranged a second arch b2, depending from the top, b, of the setting and extending downward to inclose approximately one half of the 'full diameter of the cylinder to cause the products of combustion, after passing over the inverted arch, bf, to be diverted downl ward towards the bottom half ofthe said cylinder in order to clear the said arch, b?. The products of combustion are thus caused to pursue a tortuousA path that may be increased'or decreased at will by adding to or reducing the number of arches, b, b2, employed and the extent to which they encompass the cylindrical exterior of the -drier cylinder. The drier cylinder, A, at its end beyond the arch, b2, is provided with per- `forations, o, and these perforations, within the cylinder, open into radial pipes, c', standing inward from the inner wall of the cylinder. These pipes, -at their inner ends, nearest the axis, of the cylinder, preferably have their ends, 02, curved or directed at an angle, say at right angles, towards the delivery end of the cylinder.'l

The products of combustion circulating around the outside of the cylinder, pass inward through the openings, c, and pipes, c', to the interior of the cylinder, to contact with and dry the contents of said cylinder.

The overturned or barred ends of the radial pipes, c', prevent any of the contents of the cylinder, during rotation of the latter, from falling out through said pipes, yet the free passage of the products of combustion there-I through is not interfered with. .The products of combustion that enter the inlet end of the cylinder .through the openings, c, and radial pipes,A c', return again through the cylinder to the end of said cylinder that lies immediately over or adjacent the combustion chamber, passing thence outward through the hollow trunnion, a', into the stack, d.

The entire shell is preferably made up of plates welded to ether,.so that there are no joints to expan or rivets to burn oli", or, where this method is too costly, the end of the drier cylinder, A, that is above and exposed to the action of the hottest products of combustion direct from the combustion chamber may be formed of a single plate completely encircling the said cylinder,

thereby to avoid destructive expansion and contraction thatl would result from the use of a number of plates andthe resultant joints or seams between the same.

The drier cylinder, A, is rotated continuously while in use by suitable means. l have here shown a gear wheel, e, applied to the trunnion, a, and which may be driven from an intermeshing spur whlnot shown. The material to be dried and heated,- which may be ground and partly pulverized stone-is deposited in the hopper, F, from which it isdischarged in suitable manner, as by the feed screw, F, into the interiorI of the adjacent end of the drier cylinder, A, said material during rotation of the cylinder bcing caused to travel lengthwise of the cylinder to the opposite or elivery end thereof over the combustion chamber, where it escapes throu h circumferential openings, g, into a suita le receiving hopper, g', from which it may be taken or'conducted -to thc ployed for causing travel of the material from one to the other end of the drier through rotation of the latter, I prefer to employ an annular helix or spiral encircling the interior of the drier and projecting from the wall thereof suiiciently to control whatever amount of material may properly be deposited in the drier and yet leave a sufficient conduit through the middle of the drier for the passage therethrough of the products of combustion on their way to the stack. the drawing, this spiral feed or conveyer is shown at it, it-being formed by bolting-metal plates tol the shell of the drier and between the radial pipes, c', where such pipes exist, so as preferably to form a substantially continuous helix or spiral throughout the length of the drier. The material entering the cylinder immediately gravitates to the bottom thereof, and is maintained constantly agitated by the rotation of the cylinder that causes the material to be more or less lifted and then to drop back again upon the bottom, the spiral, It, movin it constantly to wards the opposite end o the cylinder. A

It will be observed that the highest heat applied exteriorly to the drier is at and adjacent the delivery end of the latter, and that the highest heat applied internally to the' is first brought into direct contact with the partially cooled products of combustion that soo-,ose

enter the drier'through the pipes, c', near theinlet end of the drier, and theseproducts of combustion take up a large percentage-of the moisture that may be. incorporated with Y the stone or material to-bel dried, and pass off witl1 the same to the'stack. the material moves toward the delivery end of the drier, and the internal heating efect becomes less, the external heating effect becomes -greatly increased, the-result.4 beingv that the highest heating effect, is really. obtained: ex

` with. an apparatus arranged' asin the Smith patent, where the most elfective and hottest products and mellows the 'ls-ame, so thatf-no.

such exterior air: as avoid overheatingin the apparatus" 1 To further restrict. the'low of. `rsoduets Y :ave ap-i products of combustion. are permitted to. pass directly into and through the-drier. to

the stack, where they are requiredto-.take upa large part 'of the moisture and` are: corre- In myimproved, apparatus thev most of the'y moisture is absorbed by the less effective andcooler produqts of.v combustion Whichare sufi cient. for this purpose, leavingfthe hottestA products of combustionfto acte uponjthe ma' iteri'al in its nearly dried on heated: state to Ohta-inthe nal necessary degree of "heatingy or drying;

Where there isroom'to'the combine-' tionchamber at one side ofthe :brick setting, as shown in the drawings, andthe checkered work, B', is employed, the products of ccm. bustion rst--heat this checkeredworkfto in'- candescence. and. subsequent passage of. the

products of combustion. through. this. in-fl candescent "checkeredv work. superheatsr sazid possible-damage to the adjacentiplate of. the cylinder can result. Whereythisis not possible, however,l stated, may occupy the. placef'where-A the; checkered Workl is 'shown' ing.; e'drawings.`

The hand-helada.

of-the trunnion, fa, and one or more side openings, b3, permit access tothe heatingl chamber surrol-mding'the rotating drier, and alsoadmit of necessary-control of the. tem perature by furnishing meansfor .admitting may of'combustion4 through the d-rie, I L plied within the latter thei alternately" ar.

'ranged or 'staggered baille `'instaat-esl, a that;- .are securedjto the -inneredges ofthe spiral-g.

. h, the overlapping edges ofwh'ichy cause the products of combustion to:V pursue lwithinthe;

drier also a tortuous-paththatcompels themto dip downward or' passupward into -conthe combustion chamber, as'

inthe stack,.furnishesvaccess, to the lnterior of: the stack: asiwell'as be necessaryl to,

.g length off sald'f diner containing" a; revolving .tactiwith the material luponl the bottom of the drier or. the shell ofthe drier itself.

The feed device, F', is shown, as driven from one of the rollers of the drier trunni'onthrough the medium of a belt, F2, passing about expanding cone pulleys of usual and. well-known construction, whereby the relative speed of rotation of the feed device .and its driving roller may bevaried at will to .produce any desired ratefof feed of the material into the drier.

While Vthe apparatushere -disclosedand p shown has been found in practice t'ofpro duce excellent results, yet my invention is notA necessarily limited tothis or any particular structure of apparatus, as the same obviously may be varied without departing' from the s iritv and scope-of my inventlon.

Having claim is,.- I 1. In 'a vdrying apparatus a revolvin escribed my invention', what I drier, means to cause travel of the materia 'mbe diadema-.the inlet end of said drier tothe delivery. end thereof, an. exterior com-v bustion chamber adjacenttle' `delivery end of. saiddrier, and means to fcause the products-of. combustion therefrom to# ow eXte-.

riorly' of said drier towards thejinlet end 'thereof' and admission: openings forsaid i products of combustionlocated onlynear the .inlet end of: said drier. i

2'; In a' l[drying .apparatus a revolvin drier, 4means to?. cause travel of the materia to-be dried from the inlet end of said drier to fthel deli-Very end thereof, an exterior combustion chamber adjacent 'the delivery end= of.. said.drier, and means -.to cause the-'prodlnets of'co'mbustion therefrom 4to flow exteriorly of saidl drier and by a tortuous path towards. the linlet end thereof and toreturn withinthe said drier.'- f 1 3.111: a -dry'ng apparatus .a revolving.

' .drier' containing a spiral. feed-device, a combustion chamber adj acentl the delivery end of". saiddal-'ierfand?l means to cause the produ cts of combustiontherefrom tol flow exteriorlytowards the vopposite inlet end. there- 'of'.I and to return within saiddrier. f

4. In anvr apparatus of the classdescribeda revolving drier containing-.a spirale-feed device,.a;n inclosing setting forfsaid drier containingacombusti'on chamber and means to cause Ythe products' of' combusti n therefrom toilew exteriorly of said drier toward the opposite-inlet endjthereo and to return within-thesafid -dri'enz and alternately. an;v

'azred arches and inverted arches 'tocause ai products of combustion 'to pursue 4'exterior a Itortuous .I An apparatus receive the material-to beheated at tion, and deliver .said material vat the eppoi-v site'portiomand means toproduce a-tortuous path in traversing the` he class 'described "vdrier, constr-uctedtolv conduit for the products of combustion in the said drier to cause tortucus passage of products of combustion therethrough.

7 In a drying apparatus, a revolving drier constructed to receive the material to be heated at one -portion and to deliver said material at the opposite portion, heating means therefor and means arranged to conduct the products of combustion exteriorly of said drier from outlet to inlet endand directly into said drier through the side walls thereof adjacent said inlet end only, whereby all of said products will traverse the length of the'drier in contact with said material.

8. In a drying apparatus a revolving drier means for causingthe continuous passage therethrough of the material to be dried, an inclosing setting for said drier, and a combustion chamber arranged outsidel of said setting, with means to conduct the products of combustion within said setting and along the outside of said cylinder, returning throu h the interior thereof. j 9. revolving drier ofthe class described, inlet tubes to admit the products of com bustion from the exterior to the interior of the drier, confined to the feed inlet end thereof and means closing the ends of said tubes against thepentrance of falling materials within the drier yet permitting free exit of the products of combustion from said tubes to the interior of said drier.

'10. In a drying apparatus of the class specified, radial inlet tubes to admit the products of combustion from the exterior to' the interior of the drier, confined to the feed inlet end thereof the ends of said tubes being directedat an angle to thereby close the ends of said tubes againstfalling materials within the drier yet permit free escape of products of combustion therethrough to the lnterior of said drier.

11. In an apparatus ofthe class specified,

. a revolving drier cylinder having radial" inland lnteriorly from inlet to outlet end thereof.

In an apparatus of the class specified a revolving drier cylinder having radial inlet assages for the products of combustion congned to the portion adjacent the feed inlet end thereof, and means to prevent the passage of the material to be heated into said inlet passages.

14. A drying apparatus comprising a revolving drier, a' combustion chamber arranged adjacent one end and at one side thereof, checkered Work between the combustion chamber and the drier to prevent direct contact of the flame with the drier and means to conduct the products of combustion along the length of said drier exteriorly thereof, and back through the interior thereof, to dry the contents.

15. A drying apparatus comprising a revolving drier, means for causing the continuous passage therethrough of the material to be dried, an inclosing setting for said drier, a combustion chamber arranged outside of said setting, checkered work interposed between sald combustion chamber and said drier and means to conduct the products of combustion within said setting and along the outside of said cylinder, returning through the interior thereof.

16. A drying apparatus comprising a revolving drier, means for causing the passage therethrough of the material to be dried, an inclosing setting for said drier, a combustion chamber arranged outside of said setting, checkered work interposed between said combustion chamber and said drier and means to conduct the roducts of combustion within said setting, a ong the outside of said cylinder and into the interior of the latter. 17. A drying apparatus comprising a revolving cylinder, means to cause travel of the material to be dried from the inlet portion of said drier to the delivery portion thereof, an exterior combustion chamber adjacent the delivery portion of said drier and at one side thereof, and means to cause the products of combustion therefrom to flow exteriorly of said drier and by a tortucus path towards the inlet ortion thereof and to return within the sai drier.

18. A drying apparatus comprising a revolving drier, means to cause travel of the material to be dried from the inlet portion of said drier to the delivery ortion thereof, an exterior combustion cham er adjacent the delivery portion of said drier and at one side i an exterior combustion chamber adjacent the delivery portion of said drier and at one side thereof, means to cause the products of combustion therefrom to flow exteriorly of said drier towards the inlet portion thereof and admission openings for said products of combustion onlynear the inlet. portion of said drier.

20. A drying.apparatuszcomprising a revolving drier, means to cause travel of the material to beI dried from they inlet portion of said drier to the delivery portion thereof, an exterior combustion chamber adjacent the delivery Iportion of said drier and atI one side thereof, checkered ,work interposed between said combustion chamber' and the drier, means to cause the products of combustion therefrom to flow exteriorly of said drier towards the inlet portion thereof and admission"` openings for said products of combustion only near the inlet portion of said drier.

21. A drying apparatus comprising a revolving drier containin a' s iral feed device, a combustion cham er a jacent the delivery portion of said drier and at one side thereo and means to cause the products of combustion therefromto flow exteriorly towards the opposite inlet portion thereof and to return within said drier.

22. A drying apparatus comprising a re volving drier containing a s iral feed 'de'-k vice, a combustion chamber a jacent the delivery ortion of said drier and atv one side thereo checkered work interposed between the combustion chamber and the drier, and means to cause the products of combustion therefrom to flow exteriorly towards the thereo opposite inlet portion thereof and 23 A drying apparatuscomprisin a revolymg drler constructed to receive t e ma terial to be heated at'one portion and to de-v said drier from outlet to inlet and directlyinto said drier through the side walls thereof adjacent said inlet only, whereby all of said roducts will-traverse the length of the drier 1n contact with said material.

M. A drying apparatus comprisin a revolving drier constructed to receive4 t e material to be heated at one portion and to deliver said material at its opposite portion, heating-means therefor arrangedl at one side and-having checkered work arranged in coperative relation with the drier and means arranged to conduct the products of combustion exteriorly of said drier from outlet to inlet and directly into said drier through the side Walls thereof adjacent said inlet only, whereby all of'said products will traverse the length of the drier in contact with said material.

25. A drying apparatus comprising a revolving drier constructed to receive thematerial to be heated at one portion and t-o vdeliver said material. at its opposite portion, heating means therefor arranged at one side thereof and means arranged to conduct the products of combustion exteriorly of said said drier through the walls thereof adjacent with saidmaterial.

26. A drying apparatus comprising a revolving drier constructed to receive the nia.- terial to be heated at one portion and deliver said material at its opposite portion, heating means therefor arranged at one .side of the drier and means to produce a tortuous conduit for the products of combustion through the interior of said drier in the same direction as that of the travel of the material to be heated.

27. A drying apparatus comprising a revolving drier constructed to receive the ma- 'liver' said material at its'opposite portion,` heating means therefor arranged at one side of the drier, checkered work interposed between the heating means and the said drier and means to produce a tortuous' conduit for the. products of combustion through the interior of said drier in the same direction as that of the travel of 'the material to be heated.l Y i 28. A drying apparatus comprising a revolving drier constructed to receive the maliver said material at its opposite portion, heating 4means therefor, means arranged to conduct the .products of combustion exteriorly of said drier from outlet to inlet and directly into said drier through the walls thereof adjacent the inlet, and means to' provide a tortuous passageof the products of combustion exterlorly of said drier.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my Aname to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. 1

LOUIS N. MGCARTER f Witnesses:

W. B. Barna, v JOHN WAGNER.

drier from outlet to inlet and directly into the inlet.' whereby all of said products will traverse the length of the drier in contact terial to be heated at one portion and deterial .to be heated at one portion and to de- ,Y 

